یادگیری کامپیوتر با زبان علم و عمل

شاید این وبلاگ بتونه جای خوبی باشه. برای حرفهایی که توی محیط دانشگاهی زده نمیشن. ولی دونستان آن برای یک مهندس کامپیوتر یا دوست داران کامپیوتر حیاطی باشه

یادگیری کامپیوتر با زبان علم و عمل

شاید این وبلاگ بتونه جای خوبی باشه. برای حرفهایی که توی محیط دانشگاهی زده نمیشن. ولی دونستان آن برای یک مهندس کامپیوتر یا دوست داران کامپیوتر حیاطی باشه

ترک مکانیکی آمازون (HIT)

چهارشنبه, ۷ خرداد ۱۳۹۳، ۰۲:۴۲ ق.ظ

با عرض سلام و خداقوتی 2باره

این دفعه یه موضوع خیلی جالب پیدا کردم! که از چند جهت واقعا دید شما را رو به مساعل واقعی هوش مصنوعی و کار دست جمعی باز میکنه!

چرا کار دست جمعی!؟ چون که وقتی بحث باز شد می بینید که وقتی جمعیت زیاد باشه یک کار خیلی خیلی سخت رو هم میشه فقط با پلک زدن هر فرد حل کرد.

و حالا چرا هوش مصنوعی!؟ به این دلیل که همیشه و همه مکان هم نیاز نیست که مساعل کامپیوتری رو پیچیده کنیم! و میشه اونها رو با خورد کردن مسعله خیلی راحت حل کرد.


خوب اول از همه از اینجا شروع میکنیم که چرا چنین اسم عجیب غریبی رو آمازون انتخواب کرده!؟

پشت این اسم هم خودش داستانهایی وجورد داره ماجرا رو خلاصه بگم که از این قرار بوده که توی سالها قدیم (حالا چقدر قدیم رو نمیدونم!) یکی میاد و یک رباط اختراع میکنه که شطرنج بازی میکنه! و این عمر توی دوره خوذش بسیار بسیار عمر عجیب و غریبی بوده! این رباط که پشت یک میز نشته بوده تونسته که چندتا از شطرنج بازهای معروف اون زمان رو شکست بده! و همچنین این سازنده رباط اون رو به اسم ترک مکانیکی اختراع کرده بوده!

بعد از مدت زیادی از در تعجب مندن مردم که چگونه یک روباط میتونه این همه هوشمند باشه!؟ مشخص شد که روباط از خودش هوشمندی نداره و فقط چندتا بازویی مکانیکی داره که توسط یک فرد خبره که زیر میز مینشسته، مثل عروسک خیم شب بازی تکون داده میشده!ترک مکانیکی

ترک مکانیکی


همه در تعجب سادگی کار و پیچیدگی تفکرشون! در تعجب موندن!

و همین داستان باعث شد که توی سال 2005 امازون تفکری به ذهنش برسه به اسم "ترک مکانیکی آمزون"

و از اینجا بخش جالب ماجرا شروع میشه!

عیده از اینجا شروع شد که چه جوری میشه یک کار سخت را به سادگی انجام داد!؟  حالا واقعا چه جوری!؟

خوب جواب Crowdsourcing بود! یا همون کار دست جمعی! توی اول بحث هم گفتیم که کار دست جمعی نیاز به یک درک مسعولیت شناسی داره! وگرنه اصلا سختی نداره!

آمزون کم کم شروع کرد کارهای مردم رو گرفتن! و اونها رو تویه یه چیزی مثل مزایده میزاره و بخشی از مردم دیگه میرن و در اون کار کمک میکنن.

ولی حالا، نه به این سادگی!

شما میرید توی امازون ثبت نام میکنید(لینک ثبت نام!) و اونها شما رو به اسم "HIT's "Human Intelligence Tasks میشناسن!

حالا پشت سر هم لیستی از کارها برای شما ابدیت میشه! و شما هر کدوم رو که میدونید در توانتون هست انجام میدید و در عوضش مبلغی دریافت میکنین!

مثلا این لیستی هست که در همین حال به من داده!

لیست HITs


حالا چرا حرف بر سر هوش مصنوعی شد!؟

یک مثال کاری ساده ای که امروز من داشتم رو در نظر بگیرید!

یک فرد اومده بود و لیستی از قطعات سخت افزاری رو گذاشته بود برای طبقه بندی(Classification) این لیست رو آمزون تیکه تیکه میکنه مابین Hit's های متفاوت و هرکس که دوست داشت به مبلغ 0.6 دلار این تسک رو میگرفت! و خود فرد هم یه بازه زمانی به ترک مکانیکی آموزن میده که شما مثلا باید توی 10 دقیقه این کار رو واسم انجام بدین! و همین کار توی 2دقیقه انجام شد!

آخر آخر بدبینانه که نگاه کنیم تا آمزون بیشتر از 10دلار از فرد نگرفته که این طبقه بندی قطعات رو واسش انجام بده!

یا مثال دیگه این هست که چندی پیش یک قایق لوکس گردش گری گم شده بود! وکسی نمیتونست اون رو پیدا کنه! پس پیشنهاد شد و گفتن که بیاین کل نقشه گوگل مپ این منطقه رو به شکل تسکهای بدین ترک آمزون تا برسی کنه و ببینه که کجا یک قایق تفریحی میتونند پیدا کنند!؟ ترک امازون اون رو در چند دقیقه به تسکهای ریزی تقسیم کرد و داد به داوطلبهای Hit's و توی چند دقیقه کل نقشه برسی شد!

همین کارها اگر انفرادی باشه چقدر سخت و زمان گیر هست؟! و حتی برای یه ماشین! دوستانی که هوش مصنوعی هستن سراغ دارن که مثلا طبقه بندی متن چه دردسرهایی داره برای یه کامپیوتر تا انجام بشه! یا اینکه این همه نقشه رو توسط یک پردازش تصویر خیلی قوی هم که انجام بشه چقدر طول میکشه! و چقدر دقت کمتری که داره، و چقدرم که پیداه سازی این سیستم سخته! ولی برای تراک آمزون مثل یک چشم بهم زدن هست!

و همه اینها بر میگرده به یک کار دست جمعی خوب و شسته و رفته!

و اینکه همه جاهم نیاز به هوشمندی های کامپیوتری نیست! الا شما میتونید APIهای برنامه نویسی ترک آمزون را روی حدودا هر پلتفرم برنامه نویسی که دوست دارین پیاده سازی کنین!

باز همون مثال طبقه بندی رو در نظر بگیرید من کلی باید حذینه کنم که بتونم یک سیستم داشته باشم که به نحوه احسنت طبقه بندی متن رو برام انجام بده! ولی با APIبرنامه نویسی ترک امازون میتونم بگم اینها رو به عنوان داده بده به ترک امازون و چنین تسکهایی رو میخوام واسم انجام بده! و توی یه حذینه خیلی پایین تر باز دادهای طبقه بندی شدتون رو تحویل میگیرید.

و هنوز یک نکته جالب دیگه وجود داره اونم این هست که میتونم حالا تسکها و دادها برنامه رو عوض کنم! و باز یک کار جدید رو به که مثلا حالا توی حیطه پردازش تصویر هست به ترک آمازون بدم.

ذهنیت رو محدود نکنید به فقط API و فقط همین 2 تسک.

خیلی حرف سر بیشتر از اینهاست!

مثلا شما میتونید اینترفیس این ترک مکانیکی آمزون رو به شکل وب هم داشته باشید! توی خیلی سایت ها که ارشیو خوبی ندارن از این ترک آمازون برای جستجوشون استفاده میشه!

توی حیطه شبکهای اجتماعی با این ترک مکانیکی آمازون خیلی خیلی میشه کارهای جالبی انجام داد! ولی دیگه کلمات این متن من از حد مجالش میگذره! و از یک طرف هم اگه شما موضوع رو گرفته باشید میدونید که چقدر جزابه و خودتون پیگیر این موضوع میشید!

پس: این گــــــــــــــــــوی و اینم میـــــــــــدان


این متن ساعتها وقت من رو گرفته پس دوستان لطف کنید بدون قید منبع ذکر نکنید!

و همچنین منتظر نظرات گرم و دل نشین شما هم هستیم!

با تشکر.

احسان تیموری



نظرات  (۱۱)

جالب بودش. خسته نباشی مهندس
پاسخ:
ممنون امیر جان. خوشحالم که به ذوقت خوش اومده!
۲۳ شهریور ۹۴ ، ۰۶:۵۸ عیسی کهنه آوری
سلام جناب تیموری. مطلب جالبی بود. تشکر می کنم. توی وب فارسی از این جور مطالب کم پیدا می شه. ولی یک انتقادی داشتم اینکه روی فرم نوشتنتون یک کم کار کنید تا حرفه ای تر بشه. مثلاً نوشتن "2باره" به جای "دوباره" زیاد جالب نیست. فقط در یک کاراکتر صرفه جویی می شه که ارزشش رو نداره. دیگه اینکه تقریباً آخر همه جمله ها به جای نقطه علامت تعجب گذاشتید!

در کل ولی مطلب خوبی بود.
پاسخ:
بسیار متشکرم!
انشاالله واسه شروع دوباره حتما مد نظر میگیرم!
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Breath investigation Diagnosis of H. pylori infection may also be performed by breath interpretation after word-of-mouth adminis tration of a urea revelationProtection of anorectal banquet occurs in the preponderance of cases, preserving APR an eye to localregional recurrencesAbbreviations HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma RILD Radiation-induced veno-occlusive liver disease SBRT Stereotactic centre emanation therapy CP Child-Pugh 1 Introduction Primordial hepatic malignancies are a international vigorousness appear cheap 500 mg lincocin free shipping. Inasmuch as zinc deficiency and susceptibility to infections charges to cell-mediated immune dys- functions tease been observed in the ancient, we conducted a randomized trial of placebo-controlled zinc supplementation in 50 beneficial senescent subjects (55­87 years) of both sexes and all ethnic groupsStage 365 Genitourinary cancer 365 Clinical features The majority of patients with bladder cancer complain of haematuria, customarily painless, although other symptoms such as importunity of micturition, nocturia and frequency or reduction of the urinary rivulet may also be up to dateIt is estimated that 30% of individuals seeking medical tribulation are depressed or be struck by depressive episodes such as sorrowfulness, depressed well-disposed, insufficiency of captivate or joy, or reduced energy or fatigability buy bupron sr american express.
Both fresh and neuronal 7 receptors are upregu- lated after denervation outrageTreatment of high-grade astrocyto- mas (e.g., anaplastic astrocytoma) and glioblastoma mul- tiforme centers on palliation and predominantly involves surgical debulking followed nearby chemotherapy or emissionUsing the intubating laryn- geal disguise airway recompense ventilation and endotracheal intubation in anesthetized and unparalyzed acromegalic patients trusted 250 mg diamox.
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